By Dr. Travis Bradberry
Being busy has somehow become a badge of honor. The prevailing notion is that if you arenât super busy, you arenât important or hard working. The truth is, busyness makes you less productive.
When we think of a super busy person, we think of a ringing phone, a flood of e-mails, and a schedule thatâs bursting at the seams with major projects and side-projects hitting simultaneously. Such a situation inevitably leads to multi-tasking and interruptions, which are both deadly to productivity.
âBeware the barrenness of a busy life.â âSocrates
David Meyer from the University of Michigan published a study recently that showed that switching what youâre doing mid-task increases the time it takes you to finish both tasks by 25%.
âMultitasking is going to slow you down, increasing the chances of mistakes,â Meyer said. âDisruptions and interruptions are a bad deal from the standpoint of our ability to process information.â
Microsoft decided to study this phenomenon in their workers and found that it took people an average of 15 minutes to return to their important projects (such as writing reports or computer code) every time they were interrupted by e-mails, phone calls, or other messages. They didnât spend the 15 minutes on the interrupting messages, either; the interruptions led them to stray to other activities, such as surfing the web for pleasure.
âI was surprised by how easily people were distracted and how long it took them to get back to the task,â said Eric Horvitz, the Microsoft research scientist behind the study. âIf itâs this bad at Microsoft, it has to be bad at other companies, too.â
Beyond interruptions, busyness reduces productivity because thereâs a bottleneck in the brain that prevents us from concentrating on two things at once. When you try to do two things at once, your brain lacks the capacity to perform both tasks successfully. In a breakthrough study, RenĂ© Marois and his colleagues at Vanderbuilt University used MRIs to successfully pinpoint a physical source for this bottleneck.
âWe are under the impression that we have this brain that can do more than it can,â Marois explained.
Weâre so enamored with multitasking that we think weâre getting more done, even though our brains arenât physically capable of this. Regardless of what we might think, we are most productive when we manage our schedules enough to ensure that we can focus effectively on the task at hand.
If you read my recent article on mindfulness, youâll recall that practicing mindfulness increases your ability to focus and concentrate because it increases brain density in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). As it turns out, multitasking has the opposite effect on this critical brain area. Researchers from the University of Sussex compared the amount of time people spend on multiple devices (such as texting while watching TV) to MRI scans of their brains. They found that high multitaskers had less brain density in the ACC. Itâs as if being busy all the time (via multitasking) trains your brain to be mindless and unproductive.
I doubt these findings completely surprise you as weâve all felt the distracting pull of competing tasks when weâre busy. So why do we keep doing it?
Researchers from the University of Chicago have the answer. They found that the belief that busyness is a sign of success and hard work is so prevalent that we actually fear inactivity. A recent study there coined the term idleness aversion to describe how people are drawn to being busy regardless of how busyness harms their productivity.
The researchers also found that we use busyness to hide from our laziness and fear of failure. We burn valuable time doing things that arenât necessary or important because this busyness makes us feel productive. For instance, responding to non-urgent e-mails when you know you have a big project that you need to finish. Itâs tough, but you need to recognize when youâre using trivial activities to shield yourself from sloth or fear.
Bringing It All Together
We are naturally drawn to being busy despite the fact that this hinders our productivity. As it turns out, you really do have to slow down to do your best. When you donât, the consequences can be severe.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR:
Travis Bradberry, Ph.D.
Dr. Travis Bradberry is the award-winning coauthor of Emotional Intelligence 2.0 and the cofounder of TalentSmartEQÂź the worldâs leading provider of emotional intelligence tests and training serving more than 75% of Fortune 500 companies. His bestselling books have been translated into 25 languages and are available in more than 150 countries.
Dr. Bradberry is a LinkedIn Influencer and a regular contributor to Forbes, Inc., Entrepreneur, The World Economic Forum, and The Huffington Post. He has written for, or been covered by, Newsweek, BusinessWeek, Fortune, Fast Company, USA Today, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, and The Harvard Business Review.